isingeniso esifushane
I-CSA, emfushane ye-Canadian Standards Association, yasungulwa ngo-1919 njengenhlangano yokuqala yase-Canada engenzi nzuzo ezinikele ekusetheni Amazinga emboni.Ngo-2001, i-CSA yahlukaniswa yaba izinhlangano ezintathu: Inhlangano yezindinganiso zase-Canadian, isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha kanye nenhlangano yezitifiketi yamazwe ngamazwe.I-CSA International yayinesibopho sokugunyazwa kwamazwe ngamazwe.Indlunkulu yayo yayiseToronto.Siphinde sibe namagatsha e-USA, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, India, njll.Ezogesi, izinto zikagesi kanye neminye imikhiqizo ethengiswa emakethe yasenyakatho Melika kuyadingeka ukuze kutholwe isitifiketi sokuphepha.I-CSA iyindikimba enkulu yezitifiketi zokuphepha. eCanada kanye nenye yezindikimba zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha ezidume kakhulu emhlabeni.Ingahlinzeka ngesitifiketi sokuphepha kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo emishinini, izinto zokwakha, izinto zikagesi, izinto zekhompyutha, izinto zasehhovisi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukuphepha komlilo kwe-Yliao, ezemidlalo nokuzijabulisa. .I-CSA inikeze izinsiza zesitifiketi ezinkulungwaneni zabakhiqizi emhlabeni jikelele, futhi amakhulu ezigidi zemikhiqizo enophawu lwe-CSA idayiswa eNyakatho Melika minyaka yonke.
Ububanzi besitifiketi se-CSA buhlanganisa
Ilogo ye-CSA yamukelwa yi-Canada ne-United States
Ngaphambi kuka-1992, imikhiqizo enesitifiketi se-csa yayingathengiswa kuphela e-Canada, futhi kwadingeka ukuthi inikezwe isitifiketi e-United States ukuze ingene emakethe yaseMelika.I-CSA International ihlonishwe njengelabhorethri kazwelonke nguhulumeni wobumbano.Lokhu kusho ukukwazi hlola futhi uqinisekise imikhiqizo yakho ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zase-Canada nase-US, kuyilapho uqinisekisa ukuthi isitifiketi sakho samukelwa uhulumeni wobumbano, wesifunda, wezifundazwe, nowasekhaya. Ngesitifiketi esisebenzayo sokuphepha somkhiqizo se-CSA, ukufinyelela emakethe yomhlaba wonke yasenyakatho neMelika kulula kakhulu. .I-CSA ingasiza imikhiqizo yakho ukuthi ingene ezimakethe zakithi naseCanada ngokushesha nangempumelelo.I-CSA International izosiza abakhiqizi bonge isikhathi nemali ngokususa ukuphindaphinda enqubweni yesitifiketi.Kumkhiqizi, okumele akwenze ukufaka isicelo, ukuhlinzeka ngesethi. zamasampula kanye nokukhokha imali, futhi izimpawu zokuphepha zibonwa uhulumeni, umbuso, neziphathimandla zesifundazwe kanye neziphathimandla zendawo ezivela eNew York t.o I-Los Angeles.CSA International izosebenzisana nabakhiqizi ukuhlinzeka ngohlelo lwesitifiketi olusezingeni eliphezulu noluvikelekile.ENyakatho Melika nasemhlabeni wonke, abantu be-CSA bathenjwa ngobuqotho nekhono labo.I-CSA International inamalabhorethri amane eCanada.Kusukela ngo-1992 kuya 1994, baqashelwa ngokusemthethweni umnyango we-US Department of Labour's Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).Ngaphansi kwemithetho ye-OSHA, lokhu kugunyazwa kwenza ilabhorethri yokuhlola eyaziwa kuzwelonke ihlole futhi iqinisekise uhla lwemikhiqizo ngokuvumelana ne-ANSI engaphezu kuka-360 yase-US/ Izindinganiso ze-UL.Imikhiqizo ehloliwe futhi yaqinisekiswa yi-CSA International inqunywa ukuthi ithobelana ngokugcwele nezindinganiso futhi ingadayiselwa e-United States naseCanada.Ukuthola isitifiketi saseNyakatho Melika konga isikhathi nemali ngokugcwalisa isicelo esisodwa, ukuhlinzeka ngesethi eyodwa yamasampuli. , kanye nokukhokha imali eyodwa.Nge-CSA, ungakwazi ukungena kuzo zombili izimakethe ngesinyathelo esisodwa.I-CSA iyisevisi yesitifiketi sokuhlola esilula esisusayo.idla ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe nokuhlola okudingekayo ukuze kutholwe izitifiketi ezihlukene kuwo womabili la mazwe. Lokhu ngokungangabazeki kunciphisa izindleko zesitifiketi somkhiqizo, ukuhlolwa kokulandelela nokuhlolwa kabusha, futhi konga isikhathi esibalulekile nenkinga kubakhiqizi ukuze babhekane nezinhlangano ezihlukahlukene zokunikeza izitifiketi, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuza ngokuphindwe kabili umphumela ngesigamu somzamo.
Inqubo yokufaka isicelo sesitifiketi se-CSA
1. Ifomu lesicelo sokuqala eligcwaliswe ngokufanelekile, kanye nayo yonke imikhiqizo ehlobene (okuhlanganisa zonke izingxenye zayo zikagesi nezinto zepulasitiki) kanye nayo yonke imininingwane nedatha yobuchwepheshe eya ku-CSA International 2. I-CSA International izoba ngokwemininingwane yesitifiketi somkhiqizo. imali, yazisa umfakisicelo ngefeksi futhi 3. Ngemva kokuqinisekiswa ngumfakisicelo, uzokuthumela ifomu lesicelo elisemthethweni kanye nesaziso, isaziso sihlanganisa lezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
I. Ngemva kokusayinwa kwefomu lesicelo elisemthethweni, imali yesitifiketi ngokudluliswa kwezingcingo (ekhokhwa nge-RMB) izothunyelwa ehhovisi.B.
A. b.isakhiwo kufanele sibe indlela yokwenza ngcono ukuze imikhiqizo ihambisane namazinga azosetshenziswa ukuqedela umbiko Wokugunyazwa wenye idatha c.Sicela ufake isicelo sokubuyekezwa kwenkampani Ukuqinisekiswa Kwezitifiketi Rekhoda okuqukethwe okusalungiswa (Irekhodi Lokuqinisekisa) d.edingekayo kumamaki wesitifiketi se-CSA, kanye nendlela yokuthola amamaki e.imikhiqizo yokuhlolwa kwaseFactory (Factory Tests) 6. I-CSA International ukufaka isicelo sempendulo yenkampani entweni engenhla yesi-5 kuhlolwa ngo-7. CSA ngesikhathi esifanayo.
8. Kulesi sigaba, i-CSA International, kwezinye izimo, izoya Embonini Yokuhlola Imboni Yokuqala, noma i-IFE 9. Ekugcineni, i-CSA International izokhipha Umbiko Wokugunyazwa kanye nerekhodi Lokugunyazwa.
10. Inkampani efake isicelo kufanele isayine Isivumelwano Sesevisi ne-CSA International, okusho ukuthi zombili izinhlangothi ziyavuma ukuthi i-CSA International izoza efekthri ukuze ihlolwe ukulandelela umkhiqizo.Imboni yamukela izicelo zokuhlolwa kwefekthri ezingu-2-4 njalo ngonyaka, futhi inkampani idinga ukukhokha Imali Yonyaka ukuze inakekele lesi Sivumelwano.
Inqubo yesicelo se-CSA
1. Ifomu lesicelo sokuqala eligcwaliswe ngokufanelekile, kanye nayo yonke imikhiqizo ehlobene (okuhlanganisa zonke izingxenye zayo zikagesi nezinto zepulasitiki) kanye nayo yonke imininingwane nedatha yobuchwepheshe eya ku-CSA International 2. I-CSA International izoba ngokwemininingwane yesitifiketi somkhiqizo. imali, yazisa umfakisicelo ngefeksi futhi 3. Ngemva kokuqinisekiswa ngumfakisicelo, uzokuthumela ifomu lesicelo elisemthethweni kanye nesaziso, isaziso sihlanganisa lezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
I. Ngemva kokusayinwa kwefomu lesicelo elisemthethweni, imali yesitifiketi ngokudluliswa kwezingcingo (ekhokhwa nge-RMB) izothunyelwa ehhovisi.B.
A. b.isakhiwo kufanele sibe indlela yokwenza ngcono ukuze imikhiqizo ihambisane namazinga azosetshenziswa ukuqedela umbiko Wokugunyazwa wenye idatha c.Sicela ufake isicelo sokubuyekezwa kwenkampani Ukuqinisekiswa Kwezitifiketi Rekhoda okuqukethwe okusalungiswa (Irekhodi Lokuqinisekisa) d.edingekayo kumamaki wesitifiketi se-CSA, kanye nendlela yokuthola amamaki e.imikhiqizo yokuhlolwa kwaseFactory (Factory Tests) 6. I-CSA International ukufaka isicelo sempendulo yenkampani entweni engenhla yesi-5 kuhlolwa ngo-7. CSA ngesikhathi esifanayo.
8. Kulesi sigaba, i-CSA International, kwezinye izimo, izoya Embonini Yokuhlola Imboni Yokuqala, noma i-IFE 9. Ekugcineni, i-CSA International izokhipha Umbiko Wokugunyazwa kanye nerekhodi Lokugunyazwa.
10. Inkampani efake isicelo kufanele isayine Isivumelwano Sesevisi ne-CSA International, okusho ukuthi zombili izinhlangothi ziyavuma ukuthi i-CSA International izoza efekthri ukuze ihlolwe ukulandelela umkhiqizo.Imboni yamukela izicelo zokuhlolwa kwefekthri ezingu-2-4 njalo ngonyaka, futhi inkampani idinga ukukhokha Imali Yonyaka ukuze inakekele lesi Sivumelwano.
